Everything about Natural Disaster and prevention

When there is an imbalance in nature, when disasters occur, due to which development and progress are hindered. Apart from natural disasters, some disasters are also man-made. There are natural disasters like earthquakes, tsunami, landslides, volcanoes, drought, floods, melting of icebergs, etc. These disasters can be overcome only with patience, discretion, cooperation, and management. Disaster management is done in two ways, before the disaster, and after a disaster.

Mountains, rivers, seas, etc. have great importance in the natural structure of India. They provide a livelihood to innumerable people. But when there is an imbalance in nature, then disasters come, due to which progress is hindered and the development work done with hard work and effort gets destroyed. According to astrology, when the planets are in a bad position, then disasters come. Forest, locust attack, epidemic, sea storm, hot winds, and cold wave, etc. Apart from these natural disasters, there are some man-made disasters like communal riots, terrorism, arson, refugee problems, air, rail, and road accidents, etc. Apart from this, many types of disasters destroy human life. Appropriate disasters in India between 1980 and 2010 include drought 7 times, earthquake sixteen times, epidemic fifty-six times, extreme heat 38 times, flood 184 times, pest infestation 1 time, large-scale drought 34 times, hurricane ninety-two times, The volcano has come twice. Due to which public life was disturbed and there was a great loss of economic and public life.

There Are Many types of Natural Disasters-

Earthquake

earthquake

Earthquake is one of the most destructive forms of natural disaster, which can cause widespread destruction. Earthquake simply means " vibration of the ground" i.e. shaking of the land. Earthquakes come as a result of the internal actions of the earth. The actions taking place in the interior of the earth also affect the crust and many actions start taking place in it. When the movement of the crust becomes so strong that it breaks the rocks and forces them to move along a fault, then tremors, or tremors, are generated on the surface of the earth. Earthquakes are earthquakes, the devastating effect of earthquakes on the earth Landslides The subsidence of the surface is visible in the form of damage or destruction of structures like man-made bridges, buildings, although earthquakes can come anywhere and anytime on the earth, their Some regions are very sensitive to origin. Sensitive zone refers to those weak parts of the earth where the incidence of impacts and faults is more, as well as the continents and the volcanoes of the oceanic inclusions are also the main places to generate earthquakes.

Landslides

landslide 2022

Landslides are also a natural phenomenon. Landslides directly affect land use. It usually occurs in mountainous parts such as the sloping parts of the Himalayan Mountains of India. The movement of rocks down is called a landslide. This action can happen due to natural and human reasons, in which the road gets blocked. Dams break and villages and cities are destroyed, earthquake is the most influential factor among natural causes for landslides. Along with this, along with the degradation of forests, water seepage, erosion, and excessive rainfall, along with human activities such as road construction, quarrying, tunnels, dams, reservoirs encourage landslides. Roads are often blocked due to landslides in mountainous areas like Sikkim, Bhutan, and Nepal.

Cyclone

cyclone 2022

We all know that the air in it rises from outside moving towards the center. It has low air pressure in its center and high air pressure all around. Both the horizontal and the vertical movement of the wind is fast, in which thunderstorms, storms as well as hailstorms, and heavy rains occur. In no time the weather changes. In this context, it is important to mention tropical cyclones hurricanes, and typhoons. In China, they are called typhoons and in the southern United States and America and Mexico, they are called hurricanes, their speed is 90-125 km. Viewed per hour. Due to the high speed of the wind, they enter the coastal areas by becoming pillars of seawater and cause a terrible orgy of destruction.

Flood disaster

flood disaster

The submergence of a large city area by submergence in which there is a loss of immense life and property is called a flood. The factors responsible for this are excessive environmental destruction, landslides, rupture of dams, embankments and barrages, road and other construction works, increasing siltation in rivers, filling sediments in dams built in rivers, etc. According to the report of the Central Flood Commission, between 1953 and 1990, on an average, 7944 mm per year. The area continues to be affected by floods. The area most affected by floods was 17500 mm in the year 1978. The area has also been in the period between 1953 and 1990, on an average 12, 18, 690 buildings and 1532 people were victims of flood disaster every year. Whereas during the same period, a maximum of 3507542 buildings was destroyed in the year 1978 and a maximum of 11316 persons were victims of flood in the year 1977. Not only is the flood-affected area increasing in our country but the flood-affected population is also increasing. According to the latest estimate by the Food and Agriculture Organization, about 250 million population of the country is living in areas where there is a possibility of a flood.

Tsunami Disaster

tsunami 2022

Tsunami is made up of two words TSU means port and NAMI means waves. It is also called tidal or seismic waves. Due to the shaking of the surface of the sea, the water-filled at the bottom rises and falls. Which produces tsunami waves. The main center of the tsunami in India is connected to the northern part of the same sensitive seismic belt. This belt extends from the Bhuj region of Gujarat to the foothills of the Himalayas and through Myanmar to the island of Sumatra.

Cloudburst

cloudburst

In which the wind rises rapidly. There is heavy rain accompanied by a flash of lightning and thunder of clouds, hail may also occur. Due to the torrential rains, the villages of the village get washed away. Apart from this, there are many man-made disasters, their solution is possible with our understanding, caution, discretion, and cooperation. Almost all the time, some kind of natural man-made or another kind of disaster keeps coming in the country. It needs to be managed.

Disaster Management

There are two different and important aspects of disaster management. Pre-disaster and post-disaster management. Pre-disaster management is also known as risk management. Disaster risks arise from a combination of severity and vulnerability, which vary with seasonal variation and time. Risk management has three components. Risk Recognition, Risk Reduction, and Risk Transfer An effective strategy to manage the risk of any disaster begins with the identification of the risk itself. It includes knowledge of nature and, to a large extent, information about the risks involved. This includes information about the natural environment of a particular place, as well as the predetermining where one can visit. In this way a proper decision can be taken as to where and how much to invest. It may help to design such a project. who can remain stable in the face of severe effects of disasters? Therefore, the work of professionals in risk management and associated with it is to try to predict the risk areas and determine its danger and take precautions accordingly, mobilizing human resources and finance and other disaster management is a part of this sub-branch.

Disaster Management at Central Level

High Powered Committee (HPC) has made a comprehensive and effective disaster management system at the national level and the Ministry of Disaster Management should be made difficult, which is NCCM in floods. Such as may constitute appropriate subsidiary bodies including centers and authorities or the existing centers may be used for assistance. The Prime Minister is the chairman of the all-party committee constituted by the Central Government for disaster management. The Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee will also assist him in the operation of this scheme.

 

Disaster Management at the State Level

The responsibility of dealing with national disasters in our country is essentially the responsibility of the states. The role of the central government is to assist with physical and financial resources. Most of the states have Relief Commissioners who are in charge of relief and rehabilitation works in the event of natural calamities in their states and the Chief Secretary is in full charge and the Relief Commissioners work under his direction and control. The State Government invites NGOs and other national and international organizations to participate in the efforts to reach the affected people at the time of disaster.

 

Disaster Management at the District Level

The district administration is the focal point for the implementation of all government schemes and activities for disaster management. Adequate powers have been given to the District Officer to carry out relief work in the shortest possible time. It is necessary to make an advance contingency plan to deal with the coming disasters in every district and the District Magistrate has the right to monitor.

 

Important Areas in Disaster Management

1. Communication

- Communication can be very useful in disaster management. Awareness, dissemination through means of communication and through housing information systems at the time of disaster response can be very helpful.

 

2. Remote Sensing

Space technology plays an important role in effectively mitigating the impact of the disaster.

 

Use this-

1. Developing an early warning strategy

2. In making and implementing development plans

3. in mobilizing resources including communication and remote medical services

4. Can be done to help in rehabilitation and post-disaster reconstruction.

3. Geographic Information System

- Geographic Information System software uses geography and computer-generated maps to coordinate and assess a store of location-based information. Geographic information systems can be used in scientific investigation, resource management, and disaster and development planning.

 

Role of a person in disaster control

- What can a person manage in case of earthquake, flood, storm, storm. The following role has been suggested in the context of its disaster

 

Role of the person in the time of earthquake

- Do not run outside during such times, bring your family members under the table near the door or under the bed if they are sick in bed, stay away from windows and chimneys. When out of the house, stay away from buildings, high walls, or hanging electrical wires, do not re-enter damaged buildings.

 

An earthquake can also be predicted

- TV Stay connected to the radio, the internet as far as possible, after forecasting of natural calamities like heavy rain and famine, now earthquake can also be predicted but it will be known to the person working on computer only a few seconds in advance. California Institute of Technology, US Seismologists from the Geological Survey, and the California Department of Minerals and Geology are constantly trying to predict earthquakes online. It will send such data in an emergency. Through which email can be sent to computer users. TriNet aims to integrate 600 powerful motion sensors and one hundred and fifty large internationals to inform people of impending earthquakes. If TriNet can perform its proposed task, California will be the first state to observe an earthquake zone, thus developing earthquake forecasting capabilities. In a nutshell, Jim David, head of California's Department of Minerals and Geology, says that the sensor will be able to give information via a computer immediately after an event such as the Earth's tremor.

 

Be in a vehicle

- If you feel an earthquake while riding in a car or bus, ask the driver to turn the vehicle to one side, stay inside the vehicle.

 

Be in the house

- as soon as possible extinguish all types of fire, stove, etc., turn off the heater, if the house is damaged, then turn off electricity, gas, and water. If there is a fire in the house and it is not possible to extinguish it immediately, then get out immediately. If a gas leak is detected even after turning off the gas, then immediately go out of the house. Save water, in case of emergency, keep all the utensils filled. Untie the pets.

 

The Role of a Person in a Flood

- Listen to the radio for flood forecasts and advice. If you have received a flood warning or you are in danger of flooding, disconnect all electrical appliances and keep all your valuables and household items, clothes, etc., out of reach of floodwater. Move all pesticides out of reach of water to avoid dangerous contamination. If you have to leave the house, turn off the electricity and gas. Move vehicles, farm animals, and transportable goods to a higher elevation nearby, close exterior doors and windows if you must leave the house. Try not to walk on foot or by car in floodwaters. Never go astray in the flood-affected areas of your own free will.

 

The role of a person in a cyclone or hurricane

- listen to the TV, radio for advance information and advice, allow enough time to pass for safety. The cyclone can change direction, speed, and intensity within a few hours and become moderate. That is why for the latest information, radio, TV. Keep in constant contact with

 

Preparedness

- Store or tie tightly open planks, iron gutters, sheets, trash cans, or any other items that may prove dangerous if storm winds or strong thunderstorms are predicted in your area, large windows Tape off them so that they do not rattle, reach the nearest shelter or if there is a responsible government agency, etc., vacate the area.

 

When a storm strikes

- stay indoors and take shelter in the strongest part of your house Follow the information provided by TV, radio, or other means. If the roof starts flying, then open the windows of the house, if they are in open, then take oat to avoid going outside or to the seashore when the storm calms down. Cyclones are usually accompanied by large storm surges in the ocean or lakes, and if you live in a coastal area, take the prescribed precautions for flooding.

 


Natural Disaster and prevention   Earthquake   Landslides   Cyclone   Flood disaster   Tsunami Disaster   Cloudburst   Disaster Management   Disaster Management at Central Level   Disaster Management at the State Level   Disaster Management at the District Level   Role of the person in the time of the earthquake   Role of a person in disaster control   The Role of a Person in a Flood   The role of a person in a cyclone or hurricane  


Comments

0 Comments

Leave a comment

Search